Abstract: The development and application of intelligent perception technology are of significant importance for ensuring the safety of oil and gas engineering operations, enhancing oil and gas production efficiency, and promoting the digital and intelligent transformation of the oil and gas industry, having become a research hotspot in the field of petroleum and natural gas engineering. The paper systematically summarizes the application status of the technology in such links as oil and gas resource exploration and drilling, production, and pipeline transportation by expounding the core characteristics and technical framework of intelligent perception technology. Practical applications show that intelligent perception technology demonstrates unique advantages in such fields as drill string condition identification, lithology analysis, operation efficiency diagnosis of oil pumping units, fault prediction of submersible electric pumps, and early warning of dangerous events in oil and gas pipelines. To further enhance the digital and intelligent development level of the oil and gas industry, in the future, it is necessary to focus on deepening research in areas such as intelligent sensing drill bits and drill tools, intelligent sensing oil extraction machines, intelligent sensing oil and gas pipeline monitoring systems, and intelligent sensing non-destructive testing systems, providing technical support for the high-quality development of the oil and gas industry and effectively safeguarding energy supply security.